What is tweed? A guide to 'the big cloth'
Tweed is one of the most iconic fabrics in British menswear. From tweed jackets to flat caps, this classic woollen cloth has been a wardrobe staple for centuries.
What is Tweed?
According to the Harris Tweed Authority, "Tweed is a natural fibre textile, woven with a soft, open weave and made from wool." Essentially, tweed is a durable, textured wool fabric designed for warmth, comfort, and style.
The History of Tweed
Tweed dates back to the 18th century, when Scottish farmers wove thick woollen cloth, known as Clò-Mór (‘the big cloth’), to survive harsh winters. By the 1830s, the British aristocracy embraced tweed for country wear, commissioning estate-specific patterns to blend into hunting grounds.
Improved production in the 1840s made tweed more affordable, and it quickly became a staple for outdoor activities, particularly hunting and fishing. Today, tweed is a hallmark of British style, combining heritage and contemporary fashion.
What is Tweed Made From?
Tweed is made from dyed wool and comes in various weights, colours, and textures. From lightweight twill to heavy, patterned estate tweeds, the material offers versatility for both casual and formal looks.
The Origin of the Name
Tweed may be named after Scotland's Tweed Valley or from a happy accident in 1826, when a London shop clerk misread “tweel” (Scottish for twill) as “tweed.” Either way, the name stuck and has become synonymous with classic British menswear.
Popular Types of Tweed
- Twill Tweed: Simple diagonal weave, subtle and versatile.
- Herringbone Tweed: V-shaped pattern resembling fish bones, perfect for blazers.
- Overcheck Tweed: Twill base with bold overlaid checks.
- Checked & Plaid Tweeds: Eye-catching, colourful patterns ideal for statement pieces.
- Estate Tweed: Custom patterns designed for blending into the natural landscape.
- Houndstooth & Dogtooth: Distinct geometric patterns, usually in earthy or monochrome tones.
- Barleycorn Tweed: Coarse speckled texture resembling barley kernels.
How to Wear Tweed Today
Modern tweed is versatile, but styling is key:
- Make bold tweeds the centrepiece of your outfit. Pair a patterned tweed jacket with neutral shirts and trousers.
- For a more traditional country look, wear tweed with a country check or Tattersall shirt. These classic patterns complement tweed beautifully and add subtle colour without overpowering your outfit.
- Choose classic footwear like Oxfords, brogues, or loafers for a polished finish.
- Add tweed accessories, such as a flat cap, for texture and character.
- Layer for warmth with a Shetland or Donegal jumper under a tweed blazer.
Caring for Tweed
Tweed is tough but requires care. Always dry clean to avoid shrinkage. Store jackets on padded hangers and cover with protective garment bags. Fold trousers neatly and keep accessories in drawers to prevent moth damage.
Add Tweed to Your Wardrobe
From heritage estates to modern menswear collections, tweed is timeless. Explore our selection of tweed clothing and accessories to bring a touch of British style to your wardrobe today.